Token Ring Cards

•Token Ring network cards look similar to Ethernet cards.
•One visible difference is the type of connector on the back end of the card.
•generally have a nine pin DIN type connector to attach the card to the network cable.

LocalTalk Connectors

•LocalTalk is Apple's built-in solution for networking Macintosh computers.
•utilizes a special adapter box and a cable that plugs into the printer port of a Macintosh.

•A major disadvantage of LocalTalk (.23 Mbps) is that it is slow in comparison to Ethernet (10 Mbps).

Types of card

Ethernet Cards

•Ethernet cards contain connections for either coaxial or twisted pair cables (or both)
–BNC(Bayonet Neill-Concelman) connection for coaxial cable
–RJ-45 connection for twisted pair,
•Some Ethernet cards also contain an AUI connector, used to attach coaxial, twisted pair, or fiber optics cable to an Ethernet card.

Network Interface Card (NIC)

•provides the physical connection between the network and the computer workstation.
•major factor in determining the speed and performance of a network
•Most NICs are internal, with the card fitting into an expansion slot inside the computer.
•Some computers, such as Mac Classics, use external boxes which are attached to a serial port or a SCSI port.
•Laptop computers - built-in NIC or network cards that slip into a PCMCIA slot.

•The three most common network interface connections are
–Ethernet cards,
–LocalTalk connectors, and
–Token Ring cards.

Workstations

•user computers that is connected to a network are called workstations.
•configured with a network interface card, networking software, and the appropriate cables.
•do not necessarily storage capability , files can be saved on the file server.
•almost any computer can serve as a network workstation.

File servers

•A file server stands at the heart of most networks.
•very fast computer
•large amount of RAM and storage space,
•a fast network interface card.
•network operating system software resides on this computer, along with any software applications and data files that need to be shared.

Network Equipments

NETWORK DEVICE/EQUIPMENT/HARDWARE
•Networking hardware includes all computers, peripherals, interface cards and other equipment needed to perform data-processing and communications within the network.

Pelayan Fail (File Servers)
Stesen Kerja (Workstations)
Kad Antaramuka Rangkaian (Network Interface Cards )
Hub (Concentrators/Hubs)
Pengulang (Repeaters )
Jambatan (Bridges )
Router (Routers )